Fact-sheet: Burkitt lymphoma
  • High-grade mature B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma


Updated on 08/26/2020 at 2:08 PM

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Definition

High-grade mature B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Rapid progression.

Main locations:

  • Abdomen ++
  • ENT (Waldeyer's ring or mandibular) in countries with high EBV endemicity.
  • Bone

Histology: "starry sky" appearance with B lymphocytes and macrophages.

Immunohistochemical markers:
CD20+, CD10+, BcL6+ and BcL2-

Genetics:
t(8;14), (2;8), t(;22)cMYC
rearrangement (chromosome 8)

Clinical features

  • Abdominal mass
  • Abdominal pain
  • Secondary intussusception
  • Splenomegaly

Laboratory findings

  • Tumor lysis:
    Hyperkalemia, acute renal failure.

Ultrasound

  • Very hypoechoic mass or nodule
  • Doppler: highly vascularized wall

CT

  • Mass of the digestive wall, ileocecal region
  • Single or multiple mesenteric mass
  • Infiltration of the round ligament, and periportal infiltration
  • Visceral involvement (liver, spleen, kidney, pancreas, gonads)
  • Few lymphadenopathies

Management

  • Chemotherapy and corticosteroid therapy
    Surgery to be avoided
  • Cure rate > 90% with low relapse rate at 18 months

Differential diagnosis

  • Appendiceal abscess
  • Tuberculous ileitis